Relationship between Entrepreneurship, Innovation and Economic Essay - 2

Relationship between Entrepreneurship, Innovation and Economic Development - Essay Example Such an analytical approach has furnished ample insight into the interrelationship existing between knowledge, innovation and entrepreneurship. However, it goes without saying that there is a lacuna as to the understanding of the comprehensive relationship between entrepreneurship, innovation and economic growth. The understanding of the relationships between micro economic sources of growth and the consequent macroeconomic outcomes is still too nascent as to the establishment of the relationships between varied interacting forces impacting the economic growth. Hence, in an academic perspective it will be really enlightening to analyze the recent advancements into the understanding of the varied forces influencing the creation of knowledge, the promulgation and diffusion of this knowledge aided by apt innovation and the role played by entrepreneurship in the overall growth process. For its goes without saying that the primary process of knowledge creation has to be continually and co mmensurately supported by forces originating from innovation and entrepreneurship, which give way to mechanisms that help in the conversion of this knowledge to societal and commercial needs. It is amply relevant as the developing countries of today could learn a lot from the course followed by the developed countries in their quest for economic growth. It will also immensely help the developed countries in the sense that they are faced with the challenging responsibility of devising growth policies in a futuristic context. Thus, it is emphatically valid to attempt an understanding into the relationship existing between entrepreneurship, innovation and economic growth. Entrepreneurship and Economic Development The very fact that entrepreneurship is closely tied to economic growth is amply corroborated by the commonsensical observation and economic acumen in the sense that the crux of any innovative entrepreneurial endeavour is to convert ideas and knowledge into commercially valid e conomic opportunities. Entrepreneurship is the bedrock on which rest the possibilities for innovation, change and growth. In a world economy that is getting globalized at a fast pace, entrepreneurship is a sources of competitiveness in the sense that it gives way to knowledge and flexibility. With the ensuing shift in the industrial frameworks and structures vying for an augmented decentralization and minimal concentration, the entrepreneurial vigour operating at all the levels in an economy is indeed a source of viable competitiveness. In that context if one takes into consideration the accompanying technological developments and changes and a resultant augmenting global competition and economic liberalization, the very assumption that promoting entrepreneurship in a way leads to the promotion of the economic growth appears more valid today than it did in the past. The available economic, social and psychological knowledge do points towards the fact that entrepreneurship is a proce ss that tends to be dynamic in its scope and ramifications. Though some experts may tend to think of entrepreneurship as a mechanical economic factor, yet, in reality it is far from being so (Pirich 2001, p. 14). Entrepreneurship has as much to do with change as with the choices related to a change era or process. In that context, the existing definitions of entrepreneurship delve on the functional aspects of entrepreneurship that may be allocation of the scarce resources, coordination, making decisions, innovation, capital augmentation and uncertainty management. Entrepreneurship unleashes the dormant growth

Criminal Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 3

Criminal Law - Essay Example The focus of the Commission’s report had one two different and competing objectives. The first one being that of enhancing the scope of the criminal law of fraud so as to prosecute fraudsters successfully and award them with appropriate sentence, however, this had to be balanced so that unacceptable restriction were not placed on personal freedom or the law to become so vague that it would be contrary to rule of law. The other one was to do away with the weak and inconsistent conspiracy to defraud, under which it was a crime for two people to agree to do something which, in the absence of an agreement, either of them could lawfully do. The Commission went on to conclude that if a general fraud offence would be introduced, criminal law could be improved as they thought it would be more understandable by juries. The charges which were being used in such trials were numerous, and in their opinion none of them gave a clear meaning of â€Å"fraud†. The statutory offences in their opinion were too specific and so did not provide a clear portrayal of fraud; and the common law offence of conspiracy to defraud was wide and it was not of much help when looking for a distinction between fraudulent and lawful conduct.1 Further, it was stated that a general offence of fraud would lead to effective prosecution, as there had been times when certain specific offences were charged wrongly as there were other suitable offences. Further, there were cases under conspiracy to defraud brought about by prosecution which would never have been charged if a generalized crime with a clear definition had been there. Thus, such problem had lead to higher costs of appeal and unfair acquittals Finally, a single crime of fraud in the opinion of the Commission would have led to simplification of the law of fraud, which would be helpful in determining whether an act

The Skirmish at Lexington, Massachusetts Assignment

The Skirmish at Lexington, Massachusetts - Assignment Example There is a similarity of occasions that took place in both the British officer and a witness, but there are some contradictions as to what party started the attacks. The availability of the difference in telling the truth may be due to various reasons. First, the officer might be protecting the image of the forces as well as trying to portray a good image of the country to the world. Finally, the witness might not be sure of the happenings as he went ahead to ask those who were in their company of the happenings (Wood, para.8). The British officer in my view gave the accurate happening of the events. The officer seems to have closely followed the events and as a confirmation, the witness said that the local militia was being recruited for the day. In addition, a member in the company of the witness fired to the British soldiers as they dispersed which confirms that the British officer was accurately telling the events (Jefferson and Dickinson,

Use principles discussed in this course to explain some pattern of Essay

Use principles discussed in this course to explain some pattern of events or behavior that you personally have observed, or some environmental or energy challenge that you have encountered or read about - Essay Example fected by the electricity hikes are those consumer groups with small businesses and who may not cater for their expenses even with the profits made on a daily basis. The study develops the understanding that solar powered products are economically and environmentally friendly since they require the use of sunlight, which is readily available and a renewable energy source. Most companies, industries, and other businesses around the world depend on electricity for their production. Even families in the middle class appreciate the consumption of electricity in their domestic and commercial activities, for example, in cooking, cleaning, complete lighting, and office related tasks. Because of fewer sources of water, the hydropower stations cannot generate enough electricity to suit everybody and because of this, there have been power rations and escalated prices too. This is done to help manage the little amount of electricity to be enough for every company, industry, business, or even families. Different towns and cities will go without power in certain days and this means that many businesses may not be able to achieve their daily targets and especially on those specific days since they only depend on electricity to go through with their production (Langhamer, Kalle, and Jan 1336). The strategic economic integration with the use of solar-powered products extends its effect to helping those people from the low-income margins that once appreciated the electricity, but have to adapt to other cheaper sources so as to save on expenses. The introduction of solar lamps has been appreciated by the lower class people since they are cheaper, reliable, and economical. This way, the demand of the facilities is much lower compared to electricity. In conclusion, this study shows that although the use of solar powered facilities may be much economical and reliable, a certain group of people may not benefit from the initiative. The demand of solar facilities then may not be high

Arbitration and Adjudication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Arbitration and Adjudication - Essay Example These three sets of circumstances demand specific considerations and pose their own set of problems. I would like to begin, however, by briefly outlining some important qualifications for a study of these two methods of conflict resolution. One of the most problematic issues that arise when considering the efficacy of arbitration, as compared to adjudication, is the comparative lack of detailed information regarding the involved parties. In fact, as Walter Matti remarks, "the study of the practice of international commercial arbitration is like peering into the dark" (2001, p 919). Such cases by nature tend to be far less publicised than those settled through litigation, and indeed, many of the parties - be they individuals or companies - who seek private arbitration do so precisely because they wish to avoid the risk of having private information made public. The information used to argue either for or against the inherent superiority of arbitration cannot, therefore, be considered exhaustive. At the same time, however, Matti points out that the popularity of arbitration, particularly as a means of resolving international disputes, has increased exponentially over the past thirty years (2001, p 920). Since it may be assumed that the number of cases settled through arbitration would not have increased were arbitration not an effective method of resolution, it can be reasonably concluded that an increasing number of parties find arbitration to be more appealing than adjudication as a means of resolving disputes. In addition, arbitration possesses an inherent degree of flexibility that is not present when going through the legal system: "Unlike judges in public courts, who must follow fixed rules of procedure and apply the laws of the land, arbitrators can dispense with legal formalities and may apply whatever procedural rules and substantive law best fit a case" (Matti 2001, p 920). On the other, this flexibility carries with it considerable risks. Since arbitrators are not bound by legal formalities, they may of course exploit this flexibility, to the unfair advantage a party that cannot appeal to a court for clarification or support (Bonn 1972, p 257). Although this risk is always present, there are nevertheless significant benefits to pursing arbitration. In the case of arbitration as a means of conflict resolution between private individuals, the arguments in favour of arbitration appear to be quite strong. The emotional and financial demands on both the plaintiff and the defendant are considerably reduced, the overall resolution process is conducted in a less stressful environment, and decisions are often rendered more quickly. Arbitration is routinely used as a means of settling disputes between landlords and tenants, divorcing spouses, and accident victims suing for damages (Bonn 1972, p 256). In additional the arbitration process holds additional appeal because, although it is an alternative to the court system, is not entirely cut off from the it - rather, the two systems are complementary since "the provisions of an arbitrator's award can be enforced judicially under common or statutory law" (Bonn 1972, p 256). In addition, Plaintiffs therefore have the additional security of knowing

Case Analysis Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Case Analysis - Article Example I think public administration is an integrating science which means it consists of a number of several disciplines working as one, and as such, public administrators should be concerned mainly with theory and practice (Hamel & Breen, 2007). Therefore, I see public administration as a science because knowledge is generated and evaluated according to the scientific principles as evident in the case. Public administration is also concerned with human resource management which is an in-house structure that mainly functions to ensure that public service staffing is done in an unbiased, ethical and values-based manner without favoritism. The basic functions of the HR system will include employee benefits and training of employees. Further, organizational theory in Public administration which is the study of the structure of governmental entities and the many particulars put into them. Administrative ethics in public administration serves as an approach to decision making. Additionally, policy analysis serves as a guide to decision making. More so, public budgeting is the activity within a government that allocates scarce resources among unlimited and varied demands. In this case, the main administrative principles such as openness and transparency, accountability, efficiency and effectiveness reliability and predictability are missing because of biasness (Kumar & Sharma, 2000). I think, without public administration, the government cannot operate and manage own activities effectively and efficiently as required. The administration plays a vital and crucial role for delivering and distributing the public services to all corners of the country. Administration spreads all over the country for supplying the governmental and public goods and services up to the countryside from the urban centers and to rural areas. Public administration is very significant

Out and Disabled Essay Example for Free

Out and Disabled Essay Compare and Contrast the ways in how â€Å"Out, Out† and â€Å"Disabled† present the idea of a forgotten victim The poem â€Å"Out, Out† by Robert Frost has a strong resemblance with the poem â€Å"Disabled† by Wilfred Owen as both poems demonstrate the fragility of life and how one person’s death can be easily forgotten. â€Å"Out, Out† the title speaks of everything, used in Shakespeare’s play ‘Macbeth’ It implies how life is ultimately described like a candle, when the flame goes off there is eternal darkness. In â€Å"Disabled† it essentially shows the same meaning where the women’s interest passed to â€Å"strong men that were whole† because the once glorious man in â€Å"Disabled† became nothing at all. The use of personification in â€Å"Out, Out† where the buzz saw â€Å"snarled and rattled† evokes a sense of foreboding. The buzz saw is seen as aggressive where cutting the boy’s hand was seen as a target and was meant to happen after all. The saw is seen as aggressive where cutting the boy’s hand was seen as a target and was meant to happen after all. The boy is simply nothing but dinner to the predator as he was its â€Å"supper† was mentioned right at the same moment when his hand was cut off. This is an effective method of making the boy seem worthless. The buzz saw has its own mind and is always one step ahead to make it seem dominant. Betrayal is a key point of the two poems as both victims had been betrayed by their own people. The boy was seen as only another death so no one cared about what happened since they were not the â€Å"ones dead† so they just move on with their life without any mourning. In â€Å"Disabled† the man was also seen as someone who is nothing as he is no longer â€Å"whole†. Where he was once a celebrated man, his life had completely changed due to his inexperience and naive view on war. He shares a similar fate as to the boy in â€Å"Out, Out† His actions were noble but they don’t matter at all since he had gained nothing out of it, he wasn’t able to win his â€Å"Meg† and he only brought back scars from the war. He was left alone like garbage since the women moved away to the other â€Å"strong men†. No matter what he did for his nation, he was a forgotten victim like the boy in â€Å"Out, Out†. It explains that the lives of these two people are insignificant and it’s best just to move on. On the other hand, both poems are both structured differently. â€Å"Out, Out† is a flowing story which has no stanzas. This structure allows the poem to be more fluid and keeps the pace of the story moving. It is seen through a third person perspective whereas â€Å"Disabled† the structure of the poem has stanzas and shows the perception of the past and the present. Robert Frosting juxtaposes the structure of the poem which aims to give a strong sense of contrast from one another so by using the past and the present, it is a very important role in the poem because one of the interesting part of â€Å"Disabled† is the main character as we can easily see how rueful he is due to his nostalgic days of when he was young. At stanza 1, it is hard to convince that the ruined man is the same person in stanza 3. He was known as one of the admired people as he was â€Å"silly† for his face. As he looked like a ‘god in kilts’ it is very contrasting to his future where he is in his â€Å"ghastly† suit. However, even though they have a contrasting structure they have something similar in terms of events that are not mentioned. Both poems predict something dreadful is about to happen to the characters as the personification used in ‘Out, Out’ ‘snarled and rattled’ hints that that the buzz saw is planning to strike. The structure has an unusual change where it is first introduced to something unpleasant which is the buzz saw but then the tone quickly changes to a tranquil state. Then it quickly shows the mountain ranges ‘one behind the other’ and ‘under the sunset, far into Vermont’ it foreshadows the boy’s death as the beauty could symbolize heaven. The tone quickly changes from concentrated to something serene. One other thing which is fascinating is that the poem has an image of society where society is cruelly creating the feeling of a forgotten victim just like the â€Å"women† in â€Å"Disabled†. The fact that both poems have the characters offering their body part creates an impression that they are worthless. It gives an idea that the body parts are no longer their own body. In â€Å"Disabled† he â€Å"threw away† his knees which is an unsympathetic manner to mention about his own legs â€Å"Out, out† is very comparable as he has â€Å"given† the hand. The fact that it wasn’t mentioned as â€Å"his† hand proves that it was no longer his own. In the poems both protagonists are robbed of their youth because they are both thrust into a dangerous adult world. They are chosen to be killed and left alone even though they are young which gives a poignant feeling and the sense of being forgotten. They interestingly have the same characteristics because in ‘Out, out’ the boy is doing â€Å"a man’s work† which implies a sense of experience and doing work that is years ahead of his age. Equal with â€Å"Disabled† where he finds himself in the present in a suit of grey. Similarly both protagonist in the poems portray the sense of being used by people because once they can’t achieve anything, they are no use to their leaders and society so they are left alone, isolated and gone from the world feeling betrayed as the boy was just basically used and the disabled man was rejected may assume that he threw away his life as well as he â€Å"poured† the colours down into shell holes. In comparison, the boy in â€Å"Out, Out† gives a stronger feeling of sorrow or grief for the boy as he is doing something he shouldn’t. In â€Å"Disabled† the idea of a forgotten victim is not shown as him resulting in death. It is the opposite of the boy as he is longing for his death. A powerful word Wilfred Owen used was that sleep had â€Å"mothered† which is a personification that shows his love of sleep where he is nurtured and safe, it even implies that the man is depressed. It assumes that the disabled man wants to escape from reality and go to his own reality in his sleep. Overall, the fragility and delicateness of life and youth mainly presents the idea of the forgotten victim. A forgotten victim is usually immobilized and helpless when they have lost everything. â€Å"Out, Out† and â€Å"Disabled† poignantly present forgotten victims. Even when doing a noble action like joining the army, a man can still be rejected among people. â€Å"Out, out† and â€Å"Disabled† were both written during difficult times and acquaints the reader to the atmosphere of the early 19’s. â€Å"Disabled† and â€Å"Out, Out† was written during the World War 1 where it was difficult and dark times yet in â€Å"Out, Out† we get a taste of how cold society was back then. Society can be cruel and filled with individualism where everyone is their own man so it plays a key point of making the two victims forgotten.